<<中国健康教育 >>2000年04期
王美芬
目的 了解宁波市镇海区儿童铅水平现状及影响因素以及健康教育对预防儿童铅中毒的效果。方法 对前来镇海区妇幼保健院儿保门诊体检的320名1～5岁儿童进行红细胞内锌卟啉(ZPP)测定，并做儿童家庭社会环境及儿童健康状况问卷调查。对ZPP小于2.9μg/gHb以下的儿童进行健康教育干预，4个月后复查ZPP。大于2.98μg/gHb的儿童同时服用钙剂，每日200mg，3个月后复查ZPP。结果 儿童ZPP平均数为2.91±0.3μg/gHb，其中高于目前公认的儿童铅中毒诊断标准2.98μg/gHb的有38.5%。健康教育组和健康教育同时服用钙剂组的ZPP干预前后比较，其间的差异均有显著意义(P＜0.01)。结论 健康教育能提高家长对儿童铅中毒的认识，是预防儿童铅中毒的关键，同时加服钙剂能更有效地减少肠道对铅的吸收。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health education on prevention and treatment of lead poisoning among children. Methods Blood zpp were examined for a randomized sample of 320 children aged 1～5 years who came to the Women and Children's Health Center of Zhenhai District, Ningbo City, to have routine health examination. Health education on prevention and control of lead poisoning in different forms has been conducted to the parents and the public. Medicine containing calcium had been administered to 123 children. Blood zpp examination and questionnaire surveys have been conducted to evaluate its effectiveness. Results The average zpp among those children examined was 2.91±0.3μg/gHb, 38.5%of them had their zpp values higher than normal. After intervention the values of blood zpp were decreased greatly among children in both health education group and health education plus calcium medicine group with a statistically significant difference between the results of those two groups. Conclusion Health education, especially when supplemented with calcium medicine, is effective in preventing and treating lead poisoning among children.